Indicadores comunitarios para la ciudad de Ensenada

Actualmente se está dando paso a una visión mucho más amplia en la discusión sobre cómo se alcanza el desarrollo y el bienestar de una sociedad. Sin dejar de valorar el aporte de la teoría económica y la necesidad de herramientas técnicas en pos de un crecimiento económico sostenido, se está cuestionando la posición de privilegio que tienen en detrimento de otros factores. De esta manera empiezan a aparecer nuevos indicadores que consideran factores como educación, sustentabilidad ambiental, corrupción, cultura, felicidad, entre otros. Pero cualquier medición del "bienestar social" resulta compleja y siempre cuestionable, dada la amplitud y abstracción del concepto, la poca evidencia empírica sobre cuáles son los factores que los ciudadanos consideran más importantes, y dado que cada sociedad pondera de diferente manera esos múltiples factores. Intentar identificar cuáles son estos factores y hacer un diagnóstico de la situación en que se encuentran los mismos es el punto de partida para comenzar cualquier discusión sobre cuál es el camino a recorrer para lograr una sociedad desarrollada y con pleno bienestar.Facultad de Ciencias Económica

La actuación en juicio de la declaración única en cámara Gesell que no fue realizada como prueba anticipada

El presente trabajo de investigación lleva por título “La actuación en juicio de la entrevista única en cámara Gesell que no fue realizada como prueba anticipada” tiene como objetivo general el determinar la necesidad de actuar sin juicio oral la declaración única en cámara Gesell que no se realizó como prueba anticipada. Además, con una problemática que nace desde los operadores de justicia (Representantes del Ministerio Público), mismos que vienen realizando esta entrevista de declaración única en cámara Gesell, como prueba pre constituida, ignorando lo ya establecido por la ley. Además, no existe un pronunciamiento uniforme por parte de la Suprema Corte de Justicia del Perú, El tipo de investigación es un diseño fenomenológico con el enfoque cualitativo, con teoría fundamentada, con una población de profesionales expertos en el tema de la investigación, y una técnica empleada de entrevista con su instrumento que fue la guía de entrevista. En el presente trabajo de investigación se demostró que, al actuar la entrevista única en cámara Gesell que fue realizada como prueba pre constituida en juicio oral, se estaría vulnerando el principio del debido proceso, además los criterios por los cuales no debe actuarse dicha entrevista es porque se vulnera el derecho a la prueba (debido proceso) y además, su actuación seria causal de nulidad de juicio, además, abogados penalistas encuestados sostienen que no debe actuarse en juicio oral la entrevista única realizada como prueba pre constituida ya que su obtención no ha sido conforme el ordenamiento jurídico, concluyendo así qué entrevista única en cámara Gesell no debe actuarse en juicio oral y debe de cumplir se lo establecido desde el año 2019, y es obligación de los fiscales, en representación del Ministerio Público realizarlo conforme a ley

Forward to the production of Cobalt-57 sources for Mössbauer spectroscopy in Argentina

La disponibilidad de isótopos radiactivos para Espectroscopía Mössbauer (EM) constituye en nuestro país una problemática que involucra diversos aspectos. En la presente comunicación se analiza esta situación considerando en particular 57Co, el isótopo Mössbauer más utilizado. Se describen reacciones nucleares adecuadas para la producción de 57Co. Se consideran distintas matrices sólidas comúnmente utilizadas en la fabricación de fuentes Mössbauer. Se discute el beneficio de fabricar estas fuentes en nuestro país. Como un primer paso en este sentido se propone dopar muestras con 57Co para realizar EM de emisión. Interesa particularmente este modo a los fines de caracterizar materiales biológicos. Nuestro objetivo es establecer facilidades de obtención y tratamiento de este isótopo en la Argentina.The availability of radioactive isotopes for Mössbauer Spectroscopy (MS) constitutes in our country a problematic that involves several aspects. In the present communication this situation is analyzed by considering in particular 57Co, the most widely used Mössbauer isotope. Adequate nuclear reactions for the production of 57Co are described. Different solid matrices commonly used in the manufacture of Mössbauer sources are considered. The benefit of manufacturing these sources in our country is discussed. As a first step in this sense, it is proposed to dope samples with 57Co in order to perform emission MS. This mode interests particularly with the aim of characterize biological materials. Our purpose is to establish facilities to obtain and to treat this isotope in Argentina.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a scoping review

IntroductionOur objective was to identify recent CPGs for the diagnosis and management of DMD and summarize their characteristics and reliability.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review of CPGs using MEDLINE, the Turning Research Into Practice (TRIP) database, Google Scholar, guidelines created by organizations, and other repositories to identify CPGs published in the last 5 years. Our protocol was drafted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses for scoping reviews. To assess the reliability of the CPGs, we used all the domains included in the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation II.ResultsWe selected three CPGs published or updated between 2015 and 2020. All the guidelines showed good or adequate methodological rigor but presented pitfalls in stakeholder involvement and applicability domains. Recommendations were coherent across CPGs on steroid treatment, except for minor differences in dosing regimens. However, the recommendations were different for new drugs.DiscussionThere is a need for current and reliable CPGs that develop broad topics on the management of DMD and consider the challenges of developing recommendations for RDs

Impact of a Primary Care Antimicrobial Stewardship Program on Bacterial Resistance Control and Ecological Imprint in Urinary Tract Infections

Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) are a central component in reducing the overprescription of unnecessary antibiotics, with multiple studies showing benefits in the reduction of bacterial resistance. Less commonly, ASPs have been performed in outpatient settings, but there is a lack of available data in these settings. We implemented an ASP in a large regional outpatient setting to assess its feasibility and effectiveness. Over a 5-year post-implementation period, compared to the pre-intervention period, a significant reduction in antibiotic prescription occurred, with a reduction in resistance in E. coli urinary isolates. ASP activities also were found to be cost-effective, with a reduction in medication prescription

Cellular Phenotype-Dependent and -Independent Effects of Vitamin C on the Renewal and Gene Expression of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts

Vitamin C has been shown to delay the cellular senescence and was considered a candidate for chemoprevention and cancer therapy. To understand the reported contrasting roles of vitamin C: growth-promoting in the primary cells and growth-inhibiting in cancer cells, primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) and their isogenic spontaneously immortalized fibroblasts with unlimited cell division potential were used as the model pair. We used microarray gene expression profiling to show that the immortalized MEF possess human cancer gene expression fingerprints including a pattern of up-regulation of inflammatory response-related genes. Using the MEF model, we found that a physiological treatment level of vitamin C (10−5 M), but not other unrelated antioxidants, enhanced cell growth. The growth-promoting effect was associated with a pattern of enhanced expression of cell cycle- and cell division-related genes in both primary and immortalized cells. In the immortalized MEF, physiological treatment levels of vitamin C also enhanced the expression of immortalization-associated genes including a down-regulation of genes in the extracellular matrix functional category. In contrast, confocal immunofluorescence imaging of the primary MEF suggested an increase in collagen IV protein upon vitamin C treatment. Similar to the cancer cells, the growth-inhibitory effect of the redox-active form of vitamin C was preferentially observed in immortalized MEF. All effects of vitamin C required its intracellular presence since the transporter-deficient SVCT2−/− MEF did not respond to vitamin C. SVCT2−/− MEF divided and became immortalized readily indicating little dependence on vitamin C for the cell division. Immortalized SVCT2−/− MEF required higher concentration of vitamin C for the growth inhibition compared to the immortalized wildtype MEF suggesting an intracellular vitamin C toxicity. The relevance of our observation in aging and human cancer prevention was discussed

The Bacterial Mucosal Immunotherapy MV130 Protects Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Improves COVID-19 Vaccines Immunogenicity

COVID-19-specific vaccines are efficient prophylactic weapons against SARS-CoV-2 virus. However, boosting innate responses may represent an innovative way to immediately fight future emerging viral infections or boost vaccines. MV130 is a mucosal immunotherapy, based on a mixture of whole heat-inactivated bacteria, that has shown clinical efficacy against recurrent viral respiratory infections. Herein, we show that the prophylactic intranasal administration of this immunotherapy confers heterologous protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in susceptible K18-hACE2 mice. Furthermore, in C57BL/6 mice, prophylactic administration of MV130 improves the immunogenicity of two different COVID-19 vaccine formulations targeting the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein, inoculated either intramuscularly or intranasally. Independently of the vaccine candidate and vaccination route used, intranasal prophylaxis with MV130 boosted S-specific responses, including CD8+-T cell activation and the production of S-specific mucosal IgA antibodies. Therefore, the bacterial mucosal immunotherapy MV130 protects against SARS-CoV-2 infection and improves COVID-19 vaccines immunogenicity.CF was supported by AECC Foundation (INVES192DELF) and is currently funded by the Miguel Servet program (ID: CP20/00106) (ISCIII). IH-M receives the support of a fellowship from la Caixa Foundation (ID 100010434, fellowship code: LCF/BQ/IN17/11620074) and from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 713673. AJ-C is a postgraduate fellow of the City Council of Madrid at the Residencia de Estudiantes (2020–2021). GD is supported by an European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) Long-term fellowship (ALTF 379-2019). This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. Project number 892965. OL and JA-C acknowledge Comunidad de Madrid (Tec4Bio-CM, S2018/NMT-4443, FEDER). Work in OL laboratory was funded by CNIO with the support of the projects Y2018/BIO4747 and P2018/NMT4443 from Comunidad de Madrid and co-funded by the European Social Fund and the European Regional Development Fund. The CNIO is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII). Work at CNB and CISA is funded by the Spanish Health Ministry, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Fondo COVID-19 grant COV20/00151, and Fondo Supera COVID-19 (Crue Universidades-Banco Santander) (to JG-A). Work in the DS laboratory is funded by the CNIC; by the European Research Council (ERC-2016-Consolidator Grant 725091); by Agencia Estatal de Investigación (PID2019-108157RB); by Comunidad de Madrid (B2017/BMD-3733 Immunothercan-CM); by Fondo Solidario Juntos (Banco Santander); by a research agreement with Inmunotek S.L.; and by Fundació La Marató de TV3 (201723). The CNIC is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), the MICINN, and the Pro CNIC Foundation.Peer reviewe

Techniques efficaces de compensation d'interférence inter-symbole non-linéaires pour récepteurs commerciaux

The aim of this Thesis is to study how the impairments induced by the Power Amplifier (PA) non-linearity over digital communication systems can be mitigated. These impairments are the spectral spreading and the non-linear inter-symbol interference (ISI). Both adverse effects can be easily compensated at the transmitter side by implementing pre-distortion techniques. The implementation of pre-distorters is not a mandatory characteristic in transmitters. Hence, it is convenient to compensate for the non-linear inter-symbol interference at receiver. This technique is known as post-distortion. The most effective post-distortion technique introduced in the literature is the Volterra Canceller, which estimates and eliminates the non-linear ISI from the received symbols. An optimal mitigation of the non- linear ISI is reached when the Volterra Canceller works with error-free symbols. This work proposes an original post-distortion technique based on the linearization of the transmitter PA at receiver side. The most relevant challenge associated with this technique is the blind estimation of the inverse of the PA transfer function from noisy information. The linearizer is carried out from orthogonal polynomial regression. In terms of ability to mitigate the non-linear ISI and complexity, the most efficient linearizer is obtained from Hermite polynomials. Then, the optimal behaviour of the Volterra Canceller working with error-free symbols can be reached by combining the Hermite polynomial linerizer with an actual Volterra Canceller. This behaviour is verified by computer simulations. These simulations are done from a satellite TV system model based on the Digital Video Broadcast Satellite 2 (DVB-S2) standard, which is the application case of this Thesis. The performance of the receiver compensating for the non-linear ISI is stated in terms of gain of ES/N0 with respect to the uncompensated case. Simulation results show that the ability to mitigate the non-linear ISI shown by the combined technique is near that of an ideal Volterra Canceller. A digital implementation for the Hermite polynomial linearizer and the Volterra Canceller is then presented. This implementation is optimised for commercial DVB-S2 receivers. The combined compensation technique and the DVB-S2 receiver are embedded into an FPGA Altera STRATIX IV. This implementation is tested in a Test-Bench emulating a DVB-S2 chain considering a DVB-S2 transmitter, a Gaussian channel noise (AWGN) and the receiver. The results obtained from the Test-Bench are correlated with simulation results. It is shown that the Hermite polynomial linearizer improves in 60% the gain of a stand-alone Volterra Canceller. This gain is achieved with only 40% of additional complexity. Hence, the combined technique is effective in terms of performance and complexity.L'objectif de cette Thèse est d'étudier différentes méthodes de compensation de dégradations induites par un amplificateur de puissance (AP) non-linéaire sur des systèmes de communications numériques. Il existe deux effets adverses induits par un AP non-linéaire: l'étalement spectral et l'interférence inter-symbole (IIS) non-linéaire. Ces dégradations peuvent être corrigées au niveau du transmetteur avec une méthode de pré-distorsion. Malgré son efficacité, la pré-distorsion n'est pas implantée dans tous les APs. Il est par conséquent important de compenser l'IIS non-linéaire au niveau du récepteur. Cette technique est nommée post-distorsion. A ce jour, la méthode de post-distorsion la plus efficace est le Volterra Canceller. Une telle technique estime et élimine l'IIS non-linéaire associée aux symboles reçus. Une compensation optimale peut être faite à partir d'un Volterra Canceller travaillant avec des symboles idéaux, ce qui n'est en pratique jamais possible. Cette Thèse propose une méthode innovante de post-distorsion plus efficace que le Volterra Canceller. Elle est basée sur la linéarisation du canal non-linéaire. La principale difficulté liée à l'implantation de cette technique est l'estimation aveugle de la fonction de transfert inverse du canal. De plus, cette estimation est faite à partir de données bruitées, ce qui complique la tâche. La linéarisation est basée sur une régression polynômiale d'Hermite. La compensation optimale caractérisant le Volterra Canceller idéal est atteinte par la combinaison de cette linéarisation polynomiale et d'un Volterra Canceller. Ce comportement a été vérifié par simulations faites à partir du modèle mathématique d'un système de TV numérique satellite Digital Video Broadcasting Satellite 2 (DVB-S2), cas d'application de cette Thèse. Les performances du récepteur qui compensent l'IIS non-linéaire sont établies en termes du gain de ES/N0 par rapport à un récepteur sans compensation. L'architecture est optimisée pour un récepteur commercial DVB-S2. La méthode proposée a été implantée sur FPGA dans un récepteur DVB-S2 et testée. Le récepteur a ensuite été inclus dans une chaîne de transmission émulant un système DVB-S2. Les résultats obtenus sont corrélés avec les résultats des simulations. Par rapport à un Volterra Canceller seul, la méthode proposée améliore le gain de 60% pour une complexité ajoutée de 40%. Ceci confirme l'efficacité de cette compensation en termes de performance et de complexité

Automated phase offset correction using reflectometry in fault detection systems

International audienceWell established cable network diagnosis systems rely on reflectometry and transferometry principles to detect faults using specific signals within a frequency spectrum of a few hundreds MHz only. Huge performance improvements in terms of precision and sensitivity can be achieved with higher frequencies and signal modulation, hence revealing phase and amplitude response of the potential impedance discontinuities on the tested channel to better classify the defects. However, as for telecommunications, frequency translation requires a special care in signal processing and integrity, the relative complexity of which has discouraged its implementation in wire diagnosis systems for now. Crossing the domains with an ingenious phase-offset correction mechanism, we show that defects can be accurately detected and correctly analyzed with our system relying on quadrature modulation. The presented method provides several advantages over state-of-the-art techniques and is particularly well suited for implementations in distributed sensor networks. Accordingly, our measurements were performed using an FPGA-based embedded platform and discrete high-frequency components